美国高中如何为国际学生做升学准备

How U.S. High School Can Prepare International Students

      While at a U.S. high school, international students can sharpen their English and get familiar with American academic culture.

      在美国高中就读期间，国际学生可以磨练他们的英语，并熟悉美国的学术文化。

✅  Many high schools offer English as a Second Language programs to assist nonnative English speakers. 许多高中提供英语作为第二语言课程，以帮助非英语母语者。

Growing up in Germany, Daniel Posmik says he always had a fascination with American culture and way of life. So he was excited when he was offered a full-ride academic scholarship to attend Lakota East High School in Ohio for 11th grade. 在德国长大的丹尼尔-波斯米克说，他一直对美国文化和生活方式很着迷。因此，当他获得全额学术奖学金，在俄亥俄州的拉科塔东部高中就读11年级时，他感到非常兴奋。

"Attending an American high school helped me in communicating and understanding foreign cultures more effectively," says Posmik, who earned the scholarship through the international student exchange organization ICES and its German partner organization Stepin. 波斯米克说："在美国高中就读有助于我更有效地沟通和理解外国文化，"他是通过国际学生交流组织ICES及其德国伙伴组织Stepin获得该奖学金的。

Now a freshman at the University of Cincinnati majoring in international business management, Posmik says the experience allowed him to develop an open mind. 现在是辛辛那提大学主修国际商业管理的大一学生，波斯米克说这一经历让他培养了开放的心态。

He's not alone. The number of international students who went to the U.S. for high school more than tripled between 2004 and 2016 to nearly 82,000, according to the Institute of International Education. 他并不孤单。根据国际教育协会的数据，2004年至2016年期间，去美国读高中的国际学生人数增加了两倍多，达到近82000人。

Prospective international students may want to consider attending their last year or two at an American high school to help them prepare for attending a U.S. university. Keep in mind that international students must pay the full cost of education. Also, those planning to study at U.S. high schools for more than a year require an F-1 student visa, experts say, while those participating in a one-year exchange program through the U.S. Department of State require a J-1 visa. 潜在的国际学生可能会考虑在美国高中的最后一两年学习，以帮助他们为进入美国大学做准备。请记住，国际学生必须支付全部教育费用。此外，专家说，那些计划在美国高中学习一年以上的学生需要F-1学生签证，而那些通过美国国务院参加一年期交流项目的学生需要J-1签证。

✅  Here are two ways attending high school in the U.S. can prepare prospective international college applicants. 以下是在美国读高中可以为留学生未来申请美国大学做好准备的两种方式。

English language practice. International high school students can not only get English language practice by speaking with their American classmates, but many high schools also offer English as a Second Language programs to assist nonnative English speakers. Students may also have access to English language tutors who can work one-on-one with them. 英语语言练习。国际高中生不仅可以通过与美国同学的交谈来获得英语语言练习，而且许多高中还提供英语作为第二语言的课程，以帮助非英语母语者。学生还可以获得英语辅导员的帮助，他们可以与学生进行一对一的交流。

"Spending a year or two in a U.S. high school, often offering ESL programs, can greatly hone an international student's English skills, which is demanded by college studies in the U.S.," says Sharon Tan, academic director at Educatius Group, which helps international students enroll in international high school programs. "在通常提供ESL课程的美国高中度过一两年，可以极大地磨练国际学生的英语技能，这是在美国的大学学习所需要的，"帮助国际学生注册国际高中课程的Educatius集团的学术总监Sharon Tan说。

For students with stronger English-speaking skills, two years in a U.S. high school can be helpful, says Stephen Lanier, director of international undergraduate admissions at the University of Tulsa in Oklahoma. But for a student whose English ability is low, he says the best option is three or more years, which "allows the student to improve their grades and earn a better cumulative GPA." 俄克拉荷马州州塔尔萨大学国际本科招生主任斯蒂芬·拉尼尔说，对于英语口语能力较强的学生来说，在美国高中读两年会有所帮助。但对于一个英语能力较低的学生来说，他说最好的选择是三年或更长时间，这“可以让学生提高成绩，获得更好的GPA。“

Korean national Juyoung Seo attended 10th and 11th grade at Our Lady of the Lakes Catholic School in Michigan and 12th grade at Orono High School in Maine. Seo says taking an ESL class at her first high school really helped her with papers she had to write for English class. She learned how to check grammar, brainstorm paper topics, cite references and use MLA and APA academic styles – useful skills for studying at U.S. universities. 韩国留学生徐周永在密歇根州的湖泊圣母天主教学校读10年级和11年级，在缅因州州的奥罗诺高中读12年级。徐说，在她的第一所高中上ESL课程真的帮助了她为英语课写论文。 她学会了如何检查语法、头脑风暴论文主题、引用参考文献以及使用MLA和阿帕学术风格--这些都是在美国大学学习的有用技能。

Jon Weller, director of international enrollment at the University of Cincinnati, says a U.S. high school experience can allow students to improve English communication skills as well as "feel more comfortable in American social situations." 辛辛那提大学国际招生主任乔恩·韦勒说，“美国高中的经历可以让学生提高英语交流技能，并“在美国的社交环境中感到更自在”。“

Posmik says while he didn't take ESL or have a tutor at his high school, being around his American peers allowed him to sharpen his English and communication skills." My English improved to the point that I even lost my accent," Posmik says. ”虽然在高中没有学ESL，也没有私教，但和美国同学在一起让他提高了英语和沟通技巧。我的英语进步到了我甚至失去了口音的地步，”波斯米克说。

Adjustment to the American education system, including extracurriculars. Attending an American high school can expose students to a different education system and offer them opportunities to participate in extracurricular activities and take courses at a local college. 适应美国教育体系，包括课外活动。就读美国高中可以让学生接触到不同的教育体系，并为他们提供参加课外活动和在当地大学上课的机会。

By attending a U.S. high school, Weller says, international students will become more familiar with the U.S. grading system. Tan says the experience ensures a smoother transition into U.S. higher education, as high school is intended to prepare students for studies at American universities. 韦勒说，通过在美国高中就读，国际学生将更加熟悉美国的评分系统。Tan说，这段经历确保了他们顺利地过渡到美国高等教育，因为高中是为了让学生为在美国大学学习做准备。

"We have observed that students who have spent a year or two in a U.S. high school adapt more quickly to college-level academics, create a more diverse set of friendships, seek additional academic support and join extracurricular activities," says Orlina Boteva, director of the Office of International Programs at the University of Maine. 缅因州大学国际项目办公室主任奥莉娜·博特瓦表示：“我们观察到，在美国高中度过一两年的学生更快地适应大学水平的学术环境，建立更多样化的友谊，寻求更多学术支持，并参加课外活动。”

Posmik says his experience with the American education system helped him enormously. He says not only did he know what to expect on standardized tests like the ACT or the TOEFL, but it also helped him write more eloquent college scholarship and application essays. 波斯米克说，他在美国教育系统的经验对他帮助很大。他说，他不仅知道在ACT或托福这样的标准化考试中应该期待什么，而且还帮助他写了更多雄辩的大学奖学金和申请论文。

Lanier says students who attend U.S. high schools have opportunities to participate in cocurricular activities connected to academics and extracurricular activities, which may not be available at their schools overseas. 拉尼尔说，在美国高中就读的学生有机会参加与学术和课外活动有关的课外活动，而这些活动在他们的海外学校可能是没有的。

"U.S. universities are looking for students who can contribute to both a school's academic and social communities," Lanier says. 拉尼尔说：“美国大学正在寻找能够为学校的学术和社会社区做出贡献的学生。”

Seo says in Korea it can be difficult to participate in extracurricular activities due to the emphasis placed on studying in Korean culture. During her senior year in Maine, Seo took advantage of her options by joining the soccer and basketball teams. She also took a calculus II course at the University of Maine campus – the university she now attends, where she is majoring in accounting. 徐说，在韩国，由于对学习韩国文化的重视，很难参加课外活动。 在缅因州大四的时候，徐加入了足球队和篮球队。她还在缅因州大学修了微积分II课程--她现在就读的大学是会计专业。

At his high school, Posmik says he played varsity sports and made a lot of athletic progress. He says he was nominated as an all-state linebacker in 2016 and received an athletic scholarship to a university in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics in 2017, though he ended up transferring to the University of Cincinnati. 在他的高中，波斯米克说，他参加了大学体育运动，并取得了很大的体育进步。他在2016年被提名为全州后卫，并在2017年获得了全国校际体育协会的一所大学的体育奖学金，尽管他最终转学到了辛辛那提大学。

He says for students considering attending a U.S. high school, it's important to have an open mind and be active in the school's extracurricular programs. "Both of these points will be important for your personal and academic success," Posmik says. 对于考虑进入美国高中的学生来说，拥有开放的心态并积极参与学校的课外活动是很重要的。 “这两点对你的个人和学术成功都很重要，”波斯米克说。